Endocrine disruption: A variety of chemicals in cleaning
products are endocrine disruptors-external agents that interfere
with or mimic in some way natural hormones in the body. Endocrine
disruption might result in cancer, harm to male and female
reproductive systems, thyroid damage, or other adverse consequences.
Chemical sensitization: This is an allergic condition
that usually affects the skin or lungs. Once exposure to a substance
has caused a reaction, the individual may be sensitized to it, and
further exposure may elicit an adverse reaction, even at low levels.
Allergies: Certain chemicals induce an allergic reaction
in individuals who are sensitive to them. Reactions can be mild or
severe, depending upon the amount and duration of exposure, as well
as individual sensitivity. Reactions may include wheezing, skin
irritation, and nausea, and can lead to serious harm or even death
if not treated quickly and properly.
Acute and Chronic:
Central nervous system disorders: The central nervous
system includes the brain, spinal cord, and their connecting nerves.
Several chemicals have irreversible effects on the central nervous
system.
Mild or severe irritation of the skin and eyes: This can
occur when chemicals come into contact with the skin or eyes.
Symptoms of irritation include swelling, itching, or reddening.
Kidney and liver damage: Several substances cause
irreversible damage to the kidneys and liver as the body tries to
detoxify itself after exposure.
Chemicals come in contact with the human body in several ways. Most
contact results from improper handling and failure to follow
directions (see Chapter 4 for more information on green cleaning
practices), but indirect contact also occurs.
Breathing or inhalation: Some gases and airborne
particles, created by the evaporation of cleaning products and the
disturbance of small bits of solid material during and after
cleaning, can seriously harm humans.
Skin, dermal barrier: Accidental spills and splashes and
improper use of cleaning products can result in skin irritation or
more serious internal injury. Dermatitis (inflammation of the skin),
burns, sensitivity, and poisoning can occur when the skin is
superficially irritated by harmful chemicals. Certain chemicals can
also penetrate the skin, enter the bloodstream, and damage internal
organs.
Ingestion, eating, and drinking: Improper storage and
misuse of cleaning chemicals, especially around food service areas,
can lead to accidental ingestion. Ingested chemicals enter the
bloodstream through the gastrointestinal tract, causing injury to it
and other internal organs.
What Are the Environmental Impacts of Traditional Cleaning
Products?
Not only do many traditional cleaning products affect human health
and safety, but many also contain ingredients that are harmful to
the environment. A number of environmental impacts-including effects
on fish, birds, other wildlife, and ecosystems-can result from these
products, depending upon the specific chemical ingredients,
manufacturing methods, use, and disposal practices.
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